Für die Erreichung der Klimaziele ist eine umfassende Transformation in Richtung einer klimaneutralen Wirtschafts- und Lebensweise
unerlässlich. Als Grundlage für diese Transformation ist ein breites Verständnis der kumulierten Emissionen entlang von Wertschöpfungsketten
erforderlich. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, dass Emissionsreduktionsmaßnahmen einzelner Branchen und Sektoren im Gesamtkontext
mit den Klimazielen vereinbar sind, unter Berücksichtigung der verfügbaren Potenziale für eine erneuerbare Energieversorgung
und des verbleibenden Treibhausgasbudgets. Im vorliegenden Projekt sollen die kumulierten Treibhausgasemissionen ausgewählter
österreichischer Gütergruppen entlang ihrer Wertschöpfungsketten abgeschätzt werden. Dabei werden sowohl die vorleistungsbezogenen
Emissionen ("embedded emissions") im In- und Ausland als auch die direkt bei der Produktion anfallenden Treibhausgasemissionen
berücksichtigt, wobei bei Letzteren zwischen energie- und prozessbedingten Emissionen unterschieden wird.
Study by: Austrian Institute of Economic Research – Vienna University of Economics and Business – Austrian Institute of Technology – University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna
Q2-PATHWAYS improves the understanding of deep-structural transformational change by innovatively enriching quantitative with
qualitative analyses. The policy objective is to elaborate transformation pathways that are equitable, responsible, resilient,
environmentally friendly and socially inclusive by transdisciplinary visioning and strategising with practitioners from policymaking,
business and civil society. This aims at broadening the objectives of and the visions for climate policies by advancing from
striving for a net-zero economy to aiming at climate-friendly living defined as a good life for all within planetary boundaries
and overcoming climate-only policies that remain in a policy silo and putting climate politics at centre stage in a broader
societal transformation towards sustainability. The scientific objective is to elaborate a holistic approach to societal transformations
by integrating quantitative and qualitative climate research. This endeavour combines inter- and transdisciplinary research:
first, Q2-PATHWAYS calibrates existing narratives and transformation pathways based on contemporary research and its transdisciplinary
visioning and strategising approach. Second, it calibrates an integrated model of the electricity sector and the macroeconomy
with the help of high-level experts mainly from the Second Austrian Assessment Report. Third, three transformation pathways
will be modelled with the aim of analysing the effects of integrating diverse pragmatic and radical measures, thereby contributing
to climate policies that have a higher potential to be not only effective, but also feasible.
Study by: Austrian Institute of Economic Research – Austrian Institute of Technology – RWTH Aachen - Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen
The proposed project "FutuRes-PV" aims for deriving policy recommendations how to improve the effectiveness and efficiency
of PV (photovoltaic) support in Austria, allowing for a socially inclusive uptake of PV systems at household level. It therefore
investigates the impact of increasing household PV electricity generation in Austria until 2040, analysrescing different policy
scenarios regarding their impact on the development of prosumer activities related to PV systems ("prosumer scenarios").
Study by: Austrian Institute of Economic Research – University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna – Vienna University of Technology – e-think energy research GmbH
The Austrian government strives for achieving greenhouse gas neutrality in the transport and the buildings sector by 2040.
Achieving a complete decarbonisation within such a short time period will be challenging for both sectors: in the transport
sector the trend of rising emissions must be reversed; in the building sector the building stock must be thermally improved
and heating systems must completely shift towards renewable energy sources. The introduction of policy instruments to decarbonise
the housing and mobility sectors will entail different effects for different household groups depending on several (socio-economic)
aspects. The (presumed) regressivity of policy instruments (most notably fiscal measures) in these areas very often impedes
an evidence-based discussion on the political level and is used as an argument against the implementation of respective measures.
By linking a macroeconomic model with a vehicle choice model, a transport demand model and a building stock model, in TransFair-AT
we will analyse policy scenarios achieving a full decarbonisation of housing and mobility in Austria by 2040. We will assess
the emission impacts as well as the macroeconomic and distributional effects of policy sets on different household types and
develop measures to compensate vulnerable groups ensuring that the disposable income of disadvantaged household groups is
not reduced.
Supported by: Anniversary Fund of the Oesterreichische Nationalbank
Study by: Austrian Institute of Economic Research
Climate change is one of today's grand challenges. The EU has committed itself to ambitious emission reduction targets: for
2020 and 2030, the EU aims at reducing its greenhouse gas emissions compared to 1990 by 20 percent and 40 percent, respectively,
for 2050 an emission reduction by at least 80 percent is strived for. For large emitters in industry and energy generation
the EU has established the European Emission Trading System (EU ETS) in 2005 defining an EU-wide reduction target. Emissions
from other sources, most notably from the household and transport sectors, are instead regulated at EU member countries level
and should be reduced by 30 percent by 2030, with differentiated reduction targets for the individual EU member countries.
To achieve the emission reduction targets in the Non-ETS sectors the issue of carbon pricing has recently gained in momentum
in the political discussion at EU as well as at EU member countries level. The project SoMBI focuses on two research questions:
What are the effects of an EU-wide carbon price for the Non-ETS sectors that allows achieving the 30 percent reduction target
in different EU member countries? What are the effects of different revenue recycling options in the EU member countries?
To answer these questions, we perform a model-based analysis with the new ADAGIO-DYNK model. The CO2 price necessary
to achieve the 30 percent EU-wide reduction target for the Non-ETS sectors is estimated. Also, detailed results for two case
study countries are discussed. The countries (Austria and Poland) differ considerably in terms of the structure of their energy
systems and economies. First, we focus on the macroeconomic, emission and distributional impacts of the tax. Then, the effects
of different revenue recycling options are assessed and policy recommendations for the introduction of a carbon tax are developed.
Commissioned by: Consortium of Austrian Waste Management Associations
Als Teil der Daseinsvorsorge kommt der Abfall- und Ressourcenwirtschaft gesamtgesellschaftlich eine bedeutende Aufgabe zu.
Entsorgung, Wiederverwendung, Abfalltrennung und Recycling schaffen lokale Arbeitsplätze und Wertschöpfung und tragen zu hoher
Qualität und Quantität in der Verwertung von Siedlungs- und Gewerbeabfällen bei. Durch europarechtliche Vorgaben (z. B. Kreislaufwirtschaftspaket)
und globale ökologische Herausforderungen (u. a. Klimawandel, Ressourceneffizienz) kommt der Abfall- und Ressourcenwirtschaft
eine wachsende Bedeutung zu. Ziel der Studie ist eine umfassende volkswirtschaftliche Analyse der aktuellen Abfall- und Ressourcenwirtschaft
anhand des makroökonomischen Modells "WIFO.DYNK", das monetäre und physische Daten verknüpft. Die Umweltrelevanz sowie soziale
Aspekte der Abfall- und Ressourcenwirtschaft werden herausgearbeitet.